1. Suction Power: At the heart lies an electric motor spinning a fan, creating a low-pressure zone or "vacuum." This sucks in air and debris like dust, hair, and crumbs.
2. Airflow: The sucked-in air rushes through the vacuum creating a continuous flow. Larger debris might be dislodged by rotating brushes on the bottom (upright models).
3. Trapping Dirt: The air current carries dirt to a collection chamber. Modern models might use cyclones to separate large debris before reaching the filter.
4. Filtering the Air: Before releasing air back into the room, it passes through filters. These capture fine dust particles and allergens, improving indoor air quality.
5. Exhaust: Cleaned air exits the vacuum through an exhaust port, completing the air circulation cycle.
6. Power Variations: Suction power can be adjusted on many models for different surfaces, with higher settings using more electricity.
7. Attachments: Various tools like crevice nozzles and upholstery brushes connect to the main hose, reaching tight spaces and different cleaning needs.
8. Types of Vacuum Cleaners: Upright, canister, stick, robot - each with its own design and features, but all following the core suction and filtration principles.
9. Bag or Bagless: Traditional bags need periodic replacement, while bagless models have reusable dustbins that require emptying.
10. Maintenance: Regular cleaning of filters, emptying dustbins, and checking brushes ensure optimal performance and lifespan of your vacuum cleaner.